Class 5

Ch 6: Our Country

Q1. Describe two contrasting features of Pakistan.

Ans1. To the south stretches the Makran coastline along the Arabian Sea. Further inland in Balochistan are the plateaus and deserts, rich in minerals.

Q2. Write about some of the things in Pakistan of which you are proud.

Ans2. We are proud of our armed forces. Pakistan's army, navy and air force have always played an important part in the country's history.

Q3. Write about some of the things in Pakistan that make you sad. How are you going to make Pakistan a better place?

Ans3. The system of education is not good in our country. We can make Pakistan a better place if we are successful in improving our system of education.

Q4. Name the international organizations of which Pakistan is a member.

Ans4. United Nations (UN), South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC), Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC).

Q5. What are the features that attract tourists to Pakistan?

Ans5. Tourists are attracted to the famous historical sites and buildings. They also go trekking, mountaineering, fishing and hunting.

Fill in the blanks:

1- Pakistan is a land where great civilizations existed in the past.

2- In a modern city like Islamabad or Karachi, there are many fine, new buildings.

3- Pakistan has a modern communications network that can transport us to any part of the country or the world.

4- The literacy rate has been increased by establishing schools and colleges.

5- On 29 August 2009, Northern Areas were given the status of self-governing territory called Gilgit-Baltistan.

True or False:

1- Pakistan is a member of the United Nations and also regional bodies like the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). (True)

2- A large number of people from all over the world visit Pakistan for business. (True)

3- Pakistan is the Second Islamic country to have developed a nuclear facility. (False)

Reason: First

4- Pakistan's army, navy, and air force have always played an important part in the country's history. (True)

5- No country is perfect, and in our country too, there are some problems. (True)

Ch 7: Agriculture in Pakistan

Q1. What makes the Punjab the best farming area in Pakistan?

Ans1. The Punjab is the best farming area because of its fertile soil and canal irrigation system.

Q2. Explain the difference between a kharif and rabi crop. Give an example of each.

Ans2. Kharif crops are grown in summer, for example, cotton and rice. Rabi crops are grown in winter, for example, wheat.

Q3. Which crop makes up Pakistan's largest export? Where is it grown?

Ans3. Cotton is Pakistan's largest export crop. It is grown in south-east Punjab and parts of Sindh.

Q4. Explain the difference between a cash crop and a food crop. Give examples of each.

Ans4. A food crop is one that is grown to feed the community, for example, wheat, rice, sugar cane. A cash crop is grown for sale or export, that is, against which we can get cash. Cotton, tobacco, and also sugar cane are cash crops.

Q5. Why is livestock an important part of agriculture?

Ans5. Livestock is an important part of agriculture as it is reared for meat, dairy products, and skins (leather).

Q6. Explain what is meant by ‘staple food'. What is the staple food crop in Pakistan?

Ans6. Staple food means the main or principal food. The staple food crop in Pakistan is wheat.

Fill in the blanks:

1- Almost 70 percent of the cultivated land is used to grow food crops.

2- In Pakistan we grow kharif crops in the summer.

3- Kharif crops are cotton, rice, maize, and millet.

4- In the winter we grow rabi crops which include wheat, gram, masoor, rapeseed, and mustard.

5- Wheat is a staple food.

True or False:

1- Millet is another name for corn. (False) Reason: Maize

2- Pulses are a good source of Fat. (False) Reason: Protein

3- Cotton is our leading export. (True)

4- Livestock plays an important role in Pakistan's agriculture. (True)

5- Sheep are kept for their meat, wool, and skins. (True)

Ch 8: Water and Irrigation

Q1. Why is irrigation so important for farmers in Pakistan?

Ans1. Pakistan cannot depend only on rainfall for its crops to grow. Since it is an agricultural country and a regular supply of water is necessary, farmers depend on irrigation.

Q2. How much of our arable land is under irrigation?

Ans2. Almost 80 percent of our arable (cropped) land is irrigated.

Q3. Describe some of the different ways in which farmers irrigate their land.

Ans3. Irrigation methods are mainly canals and tube wells, and in some areas the shaduf, charsa, karez, and the Persian wheel are also used.

Q4. What is the importance of dams and barrages in a country?

Ans4. Dams are built to store water and release it when it is needed; barrages are used to divert river flows into canals over a long distance, to the fields.

Fill in the blanks:

1- Pakistan is a dry country.

2- Water is needed to run our industries and fulfil our daily needs.

3- In Pakistan, more than 80 per cent of the total arable area is irrigated.

4- In earlier times, farmers used a shaduf.

5- The charsa is another common way of lifting water from a well.

True or False:

1- The karez is a water tunnel under the ground. (True)

2- Today, in Pakistan, we don't have many tube wells. (False) Reason: We have many tube wells

3- Tube wells are not as suitable for irrigating large areas s canal irrigation. (True)

4- Persian wheel consists of a number of buckets attached to a circular wheel. (True)

Ch 9: Minerals

Q1. Name the different minerals found in Pakistan. Why are minerals important?

Ans1. Sulphur, rock salt, barite, gypsum, soapstone, fluorite, magnesite and celestite are the minerals found in Pakistan. Minerals are important as raw materials for industry.

Q2. Why is it not worthwhile to mine some minerals?

Ans2. Sometimes, it is difficult to reach the minerals, and quite expensive to acquire extra machines and labour required to mine them.

Q3. Why is salt such a useful mineral?

Ans3. Salt is used in cooking and preserving, and in the food industry. It is also used to make various sodas for laundry, textiles, and tanning.

Q4. Name the minerals used in the manufacture of cement.

Ans4. Limestone and magnesite.

Q5. Which parts of Pakistan are rich in minerals? Look at the maps in this lesson for help.

Ans5. Balochistan and NWFP are rich in minerals as compare to other provinces.

Ch 10: Power Resources

Q1. Explain the importance of power resources for a country.

Ans1. Power resources are important because they are needed for the running of industries, households, and transportation.

Q2. Name the main sources of power used in Pakistan.

Ans2. Pakistan uses energy generated from oil, gas, water, and coal, as well as nuclear energy, LPG, CNG, and wind, and solar energy.

Q3. What is thermal power? How is it produced?

Ans3. Thermal power is generated from heat which is produced by burning oil, gas, or coal.

Q4. Where are the most thermal power plants located?

Ans4. Thermal power plants are located in Karachi, Kotri, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Faisalabad, Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Quetta and Hub.

Q5. Where are most of the hydel power plants in Pakistan?

Ans5. Most of the hydel plants are in upper Punjab and the NWFP.

Q6. How is hydroelectricity produced?

Ans6. A fast-flowing river with a great volume of water in its upper part is needed to produce electricity at a hydel or hydroelectric power station.